User:40bus/Latvian Cyrillic Alphabet

Alphabet

А а Б б В в Г г Д д Е e Ѧ ѧ Ж ж Ӂ ӂ З з Ѕ ѕ І і И и Ј ј К к Љ љ Л л М м Н н Њ њ О o Ѫ ѫ П п Р р С с Т т У у Ф ф Х х Ц ц Ч ч Ћ ћ Џ џ Ђ ђ Ш ш Щ щ

Transcription

NB: This is not a transliteration/Cyrillization system for Latvian.

Latvian Cyrillic to Latvian Latin

Latvian Latin to Latvian Cyrillic

Cyrillic Letter Latvian Latin Equivalent Phoneme А а A a /a/ А̄ а̄ Ā ā /aː/ Б б B b /b/ В в V v /v/ Г г G g /g/ Гь гь Ģ ģ /ɟ/ Д д D d /d/ Е e Je je /jɛ/ Е̄ е̄ Jē jē /jɛː/ Ж ж Ž ž /ʒ/ З з Z z /z/ Ѕ ѕ Dz dz /dz/ И и I i /i/ Ӣ ӣ Ī ī /iː/ Й й J j /j/ К к K k /k/ Кь кь Ķ ķ /c/ Л л L l /l/ Ль ль Ļ ļ /ʎ/ М м M m /m/ Н н N n /n/ Нь нь Ņ ņ /ɲ/ О o O o /ɔ/ П п P p /p/ Р р R r /r/ С с S s /s/ Т т T t /t/ У у U u /u/ Ӯ ӯ Ū ū /uː/ Ф ф F f /f/ Х х H h /x/ Ц ц C c /ʦ/ Ч ч Č č t͡ʃ/ Џ џ Dž dž /d͡ʒ/ Ш ш Š š /ʃ/ Щ щ Šč šč /ʃtʃ/ Ъ ъ " /-/ Ь ь ' /ʲ/ Э э E e /ɛ/ Э̄ э̄ Ē ē /ɛ/ Ю ю Ju ju /ju/ Ю̄ ю̄ Jū jū /juː/ Я я Ja ja /ja/ Я̄ я̄ Jā jā /jaː/

Polish Latin Letter Polish Cyrillic Character Phoneme A a А а /a/ Ą ą Ѫ ѫ /ɔ̃/ B b Б б /b/ C c Ц ц /ts/ Ć ć Ћ ћ /tɕ/ Cz cz Ч ч /tʂ/ D d Д д /d/ Dz dz Ѕ ѕ /dz/ Dź dź Ђ ђ dʑ Dż dż Џ џ dʐ E e Е е /ɛ/ Ę ę Ѧ ѧ /ɛ̃/ F f Ф ф /f/ G g Г г /g/ H h X x /x/, /ç/ Ch ch X x /x/, /ç/ I i І і /i/ J j Ј ј /j/ K k К к /k/ L l Љ љ /l/ (/ʎ/) Ł ł Л л /w/, /ɫ/ M m М м /m/ N n Н н /n/ Ń ń Њ њ /ɲ/ O o О о /ɔ/ Ó ó У у /u/ P p П п /p/ R r Р р /r/ Rz rz Ж ж /ʐ/ S s С с /s/ Ś ś Щ щ /ɕ/ Sz sz Ш ш /ʂ/ T t Т т /t/ U u У у /u/ W w В в /v/ Y y И и /ɨ/ Z z З з /z/ Ź ź Ӂ ӂ /ʑ/ Ż ż Ж ж /ʐ/

Letters that represent different phonemes

• Л л - Represents /l/ in Serbian, Bulgarian and Macedonian but represents /w/ here. This was done because in languages closer to Polish, such as Ukrainian, Belarusian and Russian, Л л represents the velarized alveolar lateral approximant, which in Polish became /w/.

• Љ љ - Represents /ʎ/ in Serbian and Macedonian but represents /l/ here, because of the above.

• Й й - Represents /j/ in Bulgarian, Russian, Belarusian and Ukrainian but represents /ɨ/ here. Ј ј was already used to represent /j/ as it was identical to the letter used in Polish Latin (J j) for the phoneme. Й й was chosen to represent /ɨ/ because of the similarity in pronunciation to the phoneme /i/ (presented by И и).

• Ӂ ӂ - Represented /dʒ/ in Moldovan but represents /ʑ/ here. Џ џ was already used to represent /dʒ/ and there was no Cyrillic letter representing /ʑ/ (separately from /ʒ/ or /ʐ/). The phoneme /ʑ/ is similar to the phoneme /ʐ/ and so this is reflected here: Ӂ ӂ is similar to Ж ж.

• Щ щ - Represents /ʃt/ in Bulgarian and /ʃtʃ/ in Ukrainian but represents /ɕ:/ in Russian and /ɕ/ here. There was no need to represent /ʃt/ and /ʃtʃ/ with one letter here and there was no Cyrillic letter representing /ɕ/ (separately from /ʃ/ or /ʂ/). As the phoneme /ɕ/ is similar to the phoneme /ʂ/, Щ щ was chosen because it is similar to Ш ш (coupled with the fact that Russian uses this letter for a lengthened /ɕ/ - /ɕ:/)